loading...| Preferred Name |
sternum |
| Synonyms |
vertebrate sternum breastbone |
| Definitions |
A midventral endochondral skeletal element which represents the origin site of the pectoral muscles[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. |
| ID |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000975 |
| axiom_lost_from_external_ontology |
relationship loss: part_of postzonal element (AAO:0000938)[AAO] |
| connected to | |
| contributes to morphology of | |
| contributor | |
| database_cross_reference |
GAID:246 CALOHA:TS-0972 MESH:D013249 EMAPA:18344 EHDAA2:0001914 VHOG:0000856 NCIT:C12793 FMA:7485 BTO:0001302 MA:0001331 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjO6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA EHDAA:9561 UMLS:C0038293 galen:Sternum AAO:0000765 http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0038293 |
| definition |
A midventral endochondral skeletal element which represents the origin site of the pectoral muscles[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. |
| depicted_by |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg |
| development_notes |
While its developmental origins are similar to the ribs (from the myospetum and septum of the trunk region), it is often associated with the pectoral skeleton, due to both function and physical connections (i.e. the coracoid of archosaurs). It may be a single element or a series of smaller structure (sternebrae). Based on Kardong 2012. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]. |
| editor note |
in EMAPA and EHDAA2 this is part of the skeleton of pectoral girdle; the classic def of pectoral girdle (see WP) excludes the rib cage and sternum |
| external_definition |
Single element that constitutes the postzonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO] |
| has_exact_synonym |
vertebrate sternum |
| has_obo_namespace |
uberon |
| has_related_synonym |
breastbone |
| has_relational_adjective |
sternal |
| homology_notes |
Fishes lack a sternum. (...) A sternum is absent in the first fossil tetrapods, but it is present in modern amphibians. (...) Thus, a sternum occurs in some modern amphibians, birds, mammals and archosaurs. However, its absence in the common ancestors to these groups means that it has arisen independently several times within the field of the midventral connective tissue.[well established][VHOG] |
| id |
UBERON:0000975 |
| in_subset | |
| label |
sternum |
| notation |
UBERON:0000975 |
| part_of | |
| prefLabel |
sternum |
| taxon_notes |
It probably first evolved in early tetrapods as an extension of the pectoral girdle; it is not found in fish. In amphibians and reptiles it is typically a shield-shaped structure, often composed entirely of cartilage. It is absent in both turtles and snakes. In birds it is a relatively large bone and typically bears an enormous projecting keel to which the flight muscles are attached. Only in mammals does the sternum take on the elongated, segmented form seen in humans. In some mammals, such as opossums, the individual segments never fuse and remain separated by cartilagenous plates throughout life in birds, either ratite (no keel or carina) or carinate (keel and carina present) |
| treeView | |
| subClassOf |